How much gtp is used in translation

Dec 14, GTP is used as the energy source during elongation stage of translation. Explanation: During the elongation stage of translation, GTP is used as an energy source for the binding of a new amino bound tRNA to the A-site of the ribosome.

Related questions How can there be 64 codon combinations but only 20 possible amino acids? What are common mistakes students make with anticodons? What are codons? During the elongation stage of translation , GTP is used as an energy source for the binding of a new amino-bound tRNA to the A site of the ribosome.

GTP is also used as an energy source for the translocation of the ribosome towards the 3' end of the mRNA. GTP is used in protein synthesis. During initiation of translation, the GTP is associated with an initiation factor 2 IF 2 and is hydrolyzed upon the assembly of the initiation ribosomal complex. Is ATP used in transcription? Is ATP needed for protein synthesis?

Adenosine triphosphate ATP is the energy currency of living cells. What is ATP used for? The Adenosine triphosphate ATP molecule is the nucleotide known in biochemistry as the "molecular currency" of intracellular energy transfer; that is, ATP is able to store and transport chemical energy within cells.

ATP also plays an important role in the synthesis of nucleic acids. How much ATP is required for protein synthesis? The addition of an amino acid to a growing peptide chain requires two ATP molecules for amino acid activation and another two ATP for peptide bond formation and ribosome translation, plus additional costs of about another ATP, for error correction and the synthesis of sequences that are removed during protein.

Converting structural information into an allosteric-energy-based picture for elongation factor Tu activation by the ribosome.

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Reprints and Permissions. Wallin, G. Nat Commun 4, Download citation. Received : 02 October Accepted : 13 March Published : 16 April Anyone you share the following link with will be able to read this content:.

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Advanced search. Skip to main content Thank you for visiting nature. Download PDF. Subjects Bioenergetics Structural biology. Abstract Several of the steps in protein synthesis on the ribosome utilize hydrolysis of guanosine triphosphate GTP as the driving force. You have full access to this article via your institution.

Introduction Protein synthesis on the ribosome involves a number of different subprocesses, namely initiation of translation, protein elongation, termination and ribosome recycling 1 , 2.

Full size image. Results Structural comparisons The starting point for all simulations in this work was the 3. Figure 2: Structural comparisons of the GTPase centre.

Full size table. Figure 3: Stabilizing interactions in the active site. Figure 4: Comparison of MD structures with experiment for different protonation states. Figure 5: Activation of His Figure 6: Structures of EF-Tu mutants. Methods MD simulations Free energies were calculated from MD simulations using the single topology FEP technique, where the different states involved in reactions 1 — 4 were transformed into each other in the ribosome bound complex, as well as in aqueous solution.

Electron density calculations For structural comparisons with the experimental data an electron density map was calculated using standard procedures. Additional information How to cite this article: Wallin, G. References 1 Schmeing, T. Article Google Scholar 14 Schweins, T. Article Google Scholar 34 Afonine, P.

Article Google Scholar 35 Adams, P. Article Google Scholar 36 Read, R. Article Google Scholar Download references. View author publications. Ethics declarations Competing interests The authors declare no competing financial interests.

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